Optical specimen identification filtering techniques



July 20, 1965 L, P. HORWITZ ETAL 3,195,395

OPTICAL SPECIMEN IDENTIFICATION FILTERING TECHNIQUES Filed 001;. 24. 1960 20 Sheets-Sheet 1 +1633 fin REJECT 40 MAXIMUM SIGNAL INDICATOR FIGJ b INVENTORS LAWRENCE P. HORWITZ ATTORNEY GLENMORE L. SHELTON,JR.

y 1965 P. HoRwn'z ETAL 3,195,39C

OPTICAL SPECIMEN IDENTIFICATION FILTERING TECHNIQUES Filed Oct. 24. 1960 2O Sheets-Sheet 2 0 a: MAXIMUM N SIGNAL INDICATOR $2 I I Q Q 55: M M

0, 1965 L. P. HORWITZ ETAL 3,

OPTICAL SPECIMEN IDENTIFICATION FILTERING TECHNIQUES F1158 Oct 24, 1960 20 Sheets-Sheet s INDICATOR MAXIMUM 4 SIGNAL FIG.3

L. P. HORWITZ ETAL July 20, 1965 3,195,396

OPTICAL SPECIMEN IDENTIFICATION FILTERING TECHNIQUES Filed Oct. 24.1960

20 Sheets-Sheet 4 FRAUNHOFER PLANE AVERAGING FILTER FIG.4-

L. P. HORWITZ ETAL 3,195,396

July 20, 1965 OPTICAL SPECIMEN IDENTIFICATION FILTERING TECHNIQUES Filed Oct.. 24. 1960 20 Sheets-Sheet 5 FRAUNHOFER PLANE SECOND-DIFFERENCE FILTER l lll l 88 ll l 77 mm h mwmm 66 All]. 7 7 (III 88 FIG.5

July 20, 1965 P. HORWITZ ETAL 3,

OPTICAL SPECIMEN IDENTIFICATION FILTERING TECHNIQUES Filed Oct. 24. 1960 20 Sheets-Sheet s FIG FIG.

FIG

FIG.6

July 20, 965 L. P. HORWITZ ETAL 3,

OPTICAL SPECIMEN IDENTIFICATION FILTERING' TECHNIQUES Filed Oct. 24. 1960 20 Shanty-Sheet 'r J y 1955' L. P. HORWITZ ETAL 3,195,395

OPTICAL SPECIMEN IDENTIFICATION FILTERING TECHNIQUES Filed Oct. 24. 1960 20 Sheets-Sheet 8 Jilly 1965 L. P. HORWITZ ETAL 3, 6

OPTICAL SPECIMEN IDENTIFICATION FILTERING TECHNIQUES Filed Oct. 24,.,1seo

20 Sheets-Sheet 9 xxxxx xxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxx xx xx xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx .xxxxxxxx x xxx xxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx xxx xxxx xx xx xxxx xxxx xxx xxx xx xx xx xxx xxx xxx xxx xx xxx xxx xxx xxx xx xx xxx xx xxx xxx xx xx xx xxxx xx xx xxx xx xxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxx .xx xxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xx xxx xxxx xxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxx xx xx xxxx xx xxxxxxxxxx xx xx xxx xx xxx xxxxx xxx xxx xx xx xx xxx xxx xx xxx xx xx xxx xx xx xxx xxx xx xxx xx xx xxx xx xx xxx xxxxx xxx xx xxx xxx xxxxx xxx xxx xx xxx xxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxx xx x x x wZmmPP/E mozmmmmwm g' 20, 1965 L. P. HORWlTZ ETAL 3,195,395

OPTICAL SPECIMEN IDENTIFICATION FILTERING TECHNIQUES 20 Sheets-Sheet 10 Filed Oct. 24. 1960 REFERENCE "A" AUTOCORRELATION PATTERN FIG. 9

OPTICAL SPECIMEN IDENTIFICATION FILTEURING TECHNIQUES Filed 001.. 24. 1960 July 0, 1965 1.. E. HORWITZ ETAL 20 Sheets-Sheet 11 REFERENCE "B" AUTOCORRELATION PATTERN 55555656 noefiveeim 7866 9w 00 66? 1 l l l l al l l.

FIGJO L. P. HORWITZ ET AL July 20, 1965 3,195,396

OPTICAL SPECIMEN IDENTIFICATION FILTERING TECHNIQUES 20 Sheets-Sheet 12 Filed Oct. 24. 1960 REFERENCE"R" AUTOCORRELATION PATTERN 878 8798 l u l a FIG."

y 1955 L. P. HORWITZ ETAL 3,195,396

OPTICAL SPECIMEN IDENTIFICATION FILTERING TECHNIQUES 20 Sheets-Sheet 13 Filed Oct. 24, 1960 REFERENCE "A" AUTOCORRELATION PATTERN (AVERAGING FILTER) FIG.I2

y 1965 P. HORWITZ ETAL 3,

20 Sheets-Sheet 14 REFERENCE AUTOCORRELATION PATTERN (AVERAGING FILTER) llll llllllllll FlG.i3

y 0, 1965 L. P. HORWITZ ETAL 3,195,396

OPTICAL SPECIMEN IDENTIFICATION FILTERING TECHNIQUES Filed 001',- 24, 1960 20 Sheets-Sheet 15 REFERENCE "R" AUTOCORRELATION PATTERN (AVERAGING FILTER) 3%. n! J I, I 1 5 A I 1 25 1 35mm Adm 1 1 www w uzzwwwz wnl fixmm w..2

y 1965 1.. P. HORWITZ ETAL 3,195,395

OPTICAL SPECIMEN IDENTIFICATION FILTERING TECHNIQUES 20 Sheets-Sheet 16 Filed Oct. 24. 1960 REFERENCE "A" AUTOCORRELATION PATTERN (SECOND-DIFFERENCEFILTER) FIGJS' y 1965 L. P. HORWlTZ ETAL 3,

OPTICAL SPECIMEN IDENTIFICATION FILTERING TECHNIQUES Filed OGt. 24

2O Sheets-Sheet 18 HR" AUTOCORRELATION PATTERN REFERENCE (SECOND-DIFFERENCE FILTER) l l l l lll l l l l l i l-1 FIG. 17

y 1965 1... P. HORWITZ ETAL 3,195,396

OPTICAL SPECIMEN IDENTIFICATION FILTERING TECHNIQUES Filed 001.- 24, 1960 20 Sheets-Sheet 19 XXX XXXX XX XX XX XX XX XX XX X X X X X XX XX XX XX XX XX X XXXXXXXXX xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx XX XX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXX X XXX XXXXXXXXXXX XXX XXXXXXXXXXX xxxxxxx July 20, 1965 OPTICAL SPECIMEN IDENTIFICATION FILTERING TECHNIQUES Filed Oct. 24. 1960 IFIGJS L. P. HORWlTZ ETAL 20 Sheets-Sheet 20 SPECIMEN TO REE A TO REE B TO REE R g A 1.000 0.930 0.931 E 8 0.930 1.000 0.982 E R 0.931. 0.982 1.000

UNFILTERED SPECIMEN TO REE A TO REE B TO REE R g; A 1.000 0.941 0.940 E 9 0.941 1.000 0.987 E R 0.940 0.987 1.000

AVERAGING FILTER SPECIMEN T0 REE A TO REE B TO REE R g A 1.000 0.493 0.525 E B 0.493 1.000 0.700 E R 0525 0.700 1.000

SECOND- DIFFERENCE FILTER CORRELATION TABLES 

1. A SPECIMEN IDENTIFICATION APPARATUS, COMPRISING, IN COMBINATION: OPTICAL MEANS FOR GENERATING AN AUTOCORRELATION PATTERS OF THE SPECIMEN TO BE IDENTIFIED; MEANS FOR ENHANCING IDENTIFICATION COMPRISING A PAIR OF OPTICAL FILTERS, ONE HAVING NON-UNIFORM LIGHT TRANSMISSION CORRESPONDING TO THE POSITIVE ELEMENTS AND ONE HAVING NONUNIFORM LIGHT TRANSMISSION CORRESPONDING TO THE ABSOLUTE VALUES OF THE NEGATIVE ELEMENTS OF A BI-POLAR FUNCTION WHICH IS SYMMETRIC ABOUT A POINT, AND RESPONSIVE TO THE AUTOCORRELATION PATTERN, FOR GENERATING A PAIR OF FILTERED AUTOCORRELATION PATTERNS; AND COMPARISON MEANS FOR COM- 